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101.
论述了我国中西部山区扶贫开发取得的成就和面临的问题,提出了增强扶贫开发的十项政策措施:搞好宏观调控,转变思想观念,实行优惠政策,加强基础设施建设,采取倾斜政策,开展横向联系,加快发展乡镇企业,搞好智力开发,强化社会化服务体系建设,积极开展扶贫济困活动。 相似文献
102.
The Washington State/Local Tsunami Work Group adopted the NOAA Weather Radio All-Hazards Warning System to warn citizens quickly and effectively of not only tsunami hazards but also other natural or man-made hazards. In concert with an array of deep ocean tsunami detectors, land-based seismic sensors, and warning messages issued by the tsunami warning centers, NWR provides a means to expeditiously get critical decision-making information to emergency managers, elected officials, and first responders. To implement the NWR strategy effectively, a partnership was developed to add a repeater to the NWR system to provide complete coverage to the coast of Washington and to shipping lanes off the coast. The Work Group also recognized the need to disseminate time critical hazard information on tsunamis to the public on beaches and in high traffic areas, so it developed a new notification system, with the first prototype installed on 2 July 2003 in Ocean Shores, Washington. A public education program also was developed to improve the impacted communities understanding of the tsunami hazard, the warning system, and actions they should take if a tsunami occurs. 相似文献
103.
Earlier loss estimation studies were limited to investigating particular scenarios and were carried out by highly specialized experts. Today, loss estimation techniques are translated into efficient software applications that are accessible by a large constituency of end-users. These techniques offer a high level of analysis sophistication and enable users to perform various ‘if–then’ scenarios to study the sensitivity of the results, to develop a better understanding of the outcomes and to gain insight on the consequences of the findings and decisions. Functionality of loss estimation models has improved significantly due to advances in information technology such as the introduction of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). GIS allows for easy display of input and output (in standard reports and maps) providing a critical functionality for communication of outcomes to emergency planners and decision-makers. 相似文献
104.
《永安市破坏性地震应急预案》在 1 997年 5月 31日永安 5 2级地震抢险救灾中发挥了重要作用 ,但同时也暴露了农村地震科普宣传较薄弱 ,抗震设防工作有待加强 ,个别部门单位没有制定本部门预案 ,地震发生后不知所措 ,各单位的联络工作、反馈工作、统计工作滞后不及时等问题。今后应根据形势发展及时修订、完善《预案》 ,健全地震应急指挥机构 ,加强地震科普宣传和对抗震救灾工作的领导 ,加大防震减灾投入 ,抓好城市防震减灾体系建设。 相似文献
105.
本文对城市地震应急避难场所的建设现状和必要性进行了论述,分析计算了地震应急避难场所的类型,对地震应急避难场所编制内容及方法进行了探讨.同时以旺苍县城为例进行了详细分析.本文对提高城市综合防灾减灾能力有一定的参考意义. 相似文献
106.
107.
The frequent occurrence of sudden water pollution accidents brings enormous risks to water environment safety. Therefore, there is great need for the modeling and development of early warning systems and rapid response procedures for current water pollution situation in China. This paper proposes an emergency response system based on the integration of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and a hydraulic/water-quality model. Using the spatial analysis and three-dimensional visualization capabilities of GIS technology, we calculated pollutant diffusion measures, and visualized and analyzed the simulation results, in order to provide the services of early warning and emergency response for sudden water pollution accidents in the Xiangjia Dam area on the Yangtze River. The results show that the proposed system offers reliable technological support for emergency response to sudden water pollution events, and it shows good potential for wide applications in various aspects of water resources protection. 相似文献
108.
This study examines a new methodology to predict the final seismic mortality from earthquakes in China. Most studies established the association between mortality estimation and seismic intensity without considering the population density. In China, however, the data are not always available, especially when it comes to the very urgent relief situation in the disaster. And the population density varies greatly from region to region. This motivates the development of empirical models that use historical death data to provide the path to analyze the death tolls for earthquakes. The present paper employs the average population density to predict the final death tolls in earthquakes using a case-based reasoning model from realistic perspective. To validate the forecasting results, historical data from 18 large-scale earthquakes occurred in China are used to estimate the seismic morality of each case. And a typical earthquake case occurred in the northwest of Sichuan Province is employed to demonstrate the estimation of final death toll. The strength of this paper is that it provides scientific methods with overall forecast errors lower than 20 %, and opens the door for conducting final death forecasts with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Limitations and future research are also analyzed and discussed in the conclusion. 相似文献
109.
钢圆筒结构在国内外港口、跨海桥梁等工程中应用,但对钢圆筒结构渗流分析的方法依然不多.钢圆筒结构渗流分为缝隙渗流与接头渗漏,为解决钢圆筒结构缝隙渗流中局部流线弯曲引起的水头损失增加的计算,引入附加阻力概念,将增加的水头损失用弱透水层进行等效,即可在平面应变条件下进行计算;接头渗漏区域引入附加阻力概念进行等效计算,发现缝隙尺寸的大小对弱透水层渗透系数的影响不大,当缝隙尺寸增大400倍时,等效渗透系数仅增加1.6倍,渗流计算中可认为接头缝隙不透水.采用该等效方法利用水平面二维有限元程序对港珠澳大桥西人工岛钢圆筒结构进行渗流分析,通过与三维数值计算进行对比,计算结果相近. 相似文献
110.